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Unit 1: The World in Crisis
1. Impact of World War I in Europe14 Topics-
Impact of World War I
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The Treaty of Versailles
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Terms of the Treaty of Versailles
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Did the terms of the Treaty of Versailles meet the aims of the countries involved?
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German Reactions to the Treaty of Versailles
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Historians’ Interpretations of the Treaty of Versailles
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Origins of the League of Nations
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Aims of the League of Nations
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Structure of the League of Nations
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Peacekeeping Measures of the League of Nations
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Was the League of Nations successful in handling territorial disputes in the 1920s?
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Reasons for the Weakness of the League of Nations (I)
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Reasons for the Weakness of the League of Nations (II)
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Reasons for the Weakness of the League of Nations (III)
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Impact of World War I
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2. Stalin's Soviet Union12 Topics
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Creation of the Soviet Union and Authoritarian Government
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Rise of Stalin (Introduction)
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Rise of Stalin (Non-Disclosure of Lenin’s Testament)
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Rise of Stalin (Leon Trotsky)
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Rise of Stalin (Stalin’s Manipulations)
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Rise of Stalin (Conclusion)
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Stalin’s Dictatorship (Five-Year Plans)
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Stalin’s Dictatorship (Economic Impact)
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Stalin’s Dictatorship (Political Impact)
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Stalin’s Dictatorship (Social Impact)
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Stalin’s Dictatorship (Impact of Policies on Various Social Groups)
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Stalin’s Dictatorship (Conclusion)
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Creation of the Soviet Union and Authoritarian Government
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3. Hitler's Germany27 Topics
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Introduction
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Weaknesses of the Weimar Government
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Hyperinflation
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Impact of the Great Depression on Germany
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Hitler's Leadership Abilities (Nazi Ideology)
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Hitler’s Leadership Abilities (Charisma and Oratorical Skills)
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Hitler’s Leadership Abilities (Exploitation of the Fears of Communism)
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Hitler’s Leadership Abilities (Skilfulness at Making Deals with Politicians)
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Hitler’s Leadership Abilities (Reorganising the Nazi Party)
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Political Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Consolidation of power)
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Political Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Reichstag Fire, 27 February 1933)
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Political Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Enabling Act, 23 March 1933)
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Political Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (One Party Rule, July 1933)
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Political Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Night of the Long Knives, June 1934)
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Political Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Creation of the Fuehrer position, August 1934)
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Economic Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Re-employment)
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Economic Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Rise of Big Industrialists)
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Economic Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Control of Trade Unions)
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Economic Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Organising Workers’ Leisure Time)
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Economic Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Militarisation)
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Social Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Propaganda)
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Social Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Censorship)
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Social Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Rise of the Secret Police)
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Social Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Persecution of Jews and Other Minority Groups)
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Social Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Role of Women in Nazi Germany)
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Social Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Hitler Youth)
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Summary
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Introduction
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4. Outbreak WWII in Europe13 Topics
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Weaknesses of the League of Nations
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Failure of Disarmament
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1935 Abyssinian Crisis
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (Introduction)
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (Withdrawal From League of Nations and Geneva Disarmament Conference)
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (Conscription and Rearmament)
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (Involvement In the Spanish Civil War)
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (German Unification with Austria)
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (Czechoslovakia)
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact)
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Hitler’s Expansionist Policy (Invasion of Poland)
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Reasons for the Policy of Appeasement
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Examples of Appeasement
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Weaknesses of the League of Nations
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5. Germany's Defeat in World War II21 Topics
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The Entry of the US into the War
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US Indirect Involvement (Cash and Carry’ to the Lend-Lease Act)
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US Indirect Involvement (Arsenal of Democracy)
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US Indirect Involvement (Fireside Chats and Aids)
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US Formal Entry into WWII
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US in WWII (Contribution of Vast Resources and Manpower)
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US in WWII (Collaboration with Allies on Military Strategies)
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US in WWII (Control of the Air)
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US in WWII (Control of the Sea)
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US in WWII (D-Day)
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Germany’s Weaknesses and Miscalculations (Introduction)
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Germany's Ineffective Command Structure
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Germany's Inappropriate Use of Resources and Military Funds
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Germany’s Heavy Reliance on Petroleum
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Germany’s War On Two Fronts
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Germany’s Weaknesses and Miscalculations(Conclusion)
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Allied Resistance (Reorganisation of the Soviet Union)
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Allied Resistance (British Resistance to German Invasion)
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Allied Resistance (Resistance Movements in Nazi-Occupied Countries)
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Allied Resistance (Conclusion)
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End of the War for Germany
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The Entry of the US into the War
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6. Outbreak War in Asia Pacific6 Topics
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7. Japan's Defeat10 Topics
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Japanese Aggression in the Asia-Pacific After the US Declaration of War
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Reasons for the Defeat of Japan (USA I)
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Reasons for the Defeat of Japan (USA II)
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Reasons for the Defeat of Japan (USA III)
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Ineffective Defence of Overextended Japanese Empire
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Reasons for the Dropping of the Atomic Bombs (I)
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Reasons for the Dropping of the Atomic Bombs (II)
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Reasons for the Dropping of the Atomic Bombs (III)
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Reasons for the Dropping of the Atomic Bombs (IV)
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The Dropping of the Atomic Bombs
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Japanese Aggression in the Asia-Pacific After the US Declaration of War
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Unit 2: Bi-Polarity and the Cold War8. Reasons for the Cold War in Europe21 Topics
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Ideological Conflict between the US and the Soviet Union
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Continuing Distrust in a Necessary Alliance during World War II
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Yalta Conference
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Potsdam Conference
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American Nuclear Monopoly
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Post-World War II Years: Worsening Relations between the US and the Soviet Union
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Destruction and Decline of the Major European Powers at the End of World War II
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Superpower Rivalry and the United Nations
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End of Wartime Alliance
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Establishment of Soviet Satellite States in Eastern Europe
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Kennan’s Long Telegram
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Iron Curtain Speech
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The Truman Doctrine
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The Marshall Plan
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Soviet Responses to US Containment Policy
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Carving Out Political and Economic Spheres of Influence
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Reasons for Superpower Confrontation in the Berlin Blockade
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Events Leading Up to the Berlin Blockade
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Formation of Military Alliances (NATO)
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Formation of Military Alliances (Warsaw Pact)
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Extension and International Impact of the Cold War in the 1950s and early 1960s
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Ideological Conflict between the US and the Soviet Union
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9. The Korean War19 Topics
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Objectives
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Background of the Korean War
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Post-War Occupation of Korea: Partition of Korea
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Formation of Two Koreas
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Attempts to Achieve Unification by South and North Korean Leaders
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Significance of Korea to the USSR and Communist Bloc
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Impact of Developments in the Soviet Union & China on US Foreign Policy
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Military and Strategic Imbalance Between North and South Korea
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To What Extent Was the Korean War More of A Civil War Than A Proxy War?
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Lead-Up to the Korean War (I)
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Lead-Up to the Korean War (II)
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Lead-Up to the Korean War (III)
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Outbreak and the Development of the Korean War
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Development From Civil War to Proxy War (I)
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Development From Civil War to Proxy War (II)
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Development From Civil War to Proxy War (III)
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Armistice Talks
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Expansion of the Cold War Beyond Europe
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Intensified American Involvement in the Asia-Pacific
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Objectives
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10. Cuban Missile Crisis25 Topics
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Background to the Cuban Missile Crisis
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Tensions Between the US and Cuba (I)
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Tensions Between the US and Cuba (II)
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Tensions Between the US and Cuba (III)
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Tensions Between the US and Cuba (IV)
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Escalating Tensions Due to American Retaliation Against Cuba
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American Attempts to Remove Castro From Power
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Cuba’s formal alliance with the Soviet Union Crisis
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Why did the US and the Soviet Union go to the brink of nuclear war in 1962?
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Soviet Installation of Missiles in Cuba
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American discovery of the missile deployment
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Escalation of Tensions During the Cuban Missile Crisis (I)
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Escalation of Tensions During the Cuban Missile Crisis (II)
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Escalation of Tensions During the Cuban Missile Crisis (III)
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The Immediate Response of the Soviet Union and Cuba to the Blockade
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Road of the Resolution of the Crisis (I)
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Road of the Resolution of the Crisis (II)
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Road of the Resolution of the Crisis (III)
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Road of the Resolution of the Crisis (IV)
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Road of the Resolution of the Crisis (V)
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Factors Leading to the Resolution of the Crisis (I)
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Factors Leading to the Resolution of the Crisis (II)
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The Aftermath of the Crisis (I)
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The Aftermath of the Crisis (II)
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The Aftermath of the Crisis (III)
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Background to the Cuban Missile Crisis
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11. The End of Cold War19 Topics
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Lesson Objectives
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Conclusion
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Reduction of Tensions Due to Détente
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Stalling and Abandonment of Détente
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Long Term Developments Contributing to the End of the Cold War
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American Economic and Military superiority (I)
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American Economic and Military superiority (II)
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Structural Weaknesses of the Command Economy Compared to the Free Market Economy
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Continued Lack of Consumer Goods and Low Quality of Life
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External Economic Burdens of the Soviet Union
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Increasing Resistance Within the Communist Bloc
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Ascension of Gorbachev
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Gorbachev’s Reforms (I)
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Gorbachev’s Reforms (II)
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Gorbachev’s Reforms (III)
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End of Cold War (I)
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End of Cold War (II)
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End of Cold War (III)
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End of Cold War (IV)
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Lesson Objectives
Chapter 3,
Topic 11
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Political Impact of Hitler’s Ruling (Reichstag Fire, 27 February 1933)
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POLITICAL IMPACT
Reichstag Fire, 27 February 1933
In the Reichstag Fire, a Dutchman, Marinus van der Lubbe, was arrested with several leaders of the Communist Party and accused by the Nazis of being part of a communist conspiracy.
- They were then charged with arson and attempting to overthrow the government.
Hitler saw an opportunity to deal with the communists – he convinced President Hindenburg to invoke Article 48, which empowers only the President to take measures to re-establish order, using even the armed forces, establish emergency powers, and sign the Reichstag Fire Decree.
- It suspended civil liberties such as freedom of the press and freedom to assemble in public.
- The SA arrested communists, broke up their meetings and shut down their newspapers.
- Those who spoke against Hitler were also beaten up.
- This badly affected election campaigns of other political parties for the March 1933 elections.
