[TYS] Chemistry Paper 1

A metal X and a non-metal Y react together to form an ionic compound X₂Y.

Which statement is correct when this compound is being formed?

Which structure does not contain atoms bonded to other atoms by four covalent bonds?

In which molecule are all the outer electrons of the atoms involved in bonding?

The formation of metallic oxides involves the transfer of electrons from metal atoms to oxygen.

In the formation of one mole of which metallic oxide do the metal atoms not transfer exactly two moles of electrons?

Solid copper metal, aqueous copper(II) sulfate, solid graphite and molten sodium chloride will all conduct electricity.

Which pair will conduct electricity because they both contain mobile ions?

The diagram shows the structure of a compound of carbon and silicon, (SiCl)ₙ.

Which statement would be true for (SiCl)ₙ?

A compound contains two elements, metal Y and non-metal Z.

The compound consists of a lattice of positive ions and negative ions. Each positive ion is surrounded by eight negative ions and each negative ion is surrounded by four positive ions.

Which ions are present in the compound, and what is its formula?

Which statement about the substance formed when a given mass of an element burns in excess oxygen is always correct?

The substance formed is

Which row shows the substances in the order of their melting points?

The table shows some properties of four substances.

Which substance has a structure held together by electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions?

In which compound does one of the atoms not achieve the electronic configuration 2,8?

Which particles are responsible for the conduction of electricity through metals?

Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons.

How many electrons are provided by each of the atoms of the elements oxygen, fluorine and carbon when they form covalent compounds?

Oxygen crystals are obtained by freezing oxygen at -223°C.

What will the oxygen crystals contain?

Carbon disulfide, CS₂, is a covalent liquid.

Which is the dot-and-cross diagram for carbon disulfide?

Which statements correctly describe the properties of mixtures of iron and sulfur, and the compound iron(II) sulfide, FeS?

Which substance could be graphite?

Which salt contains covalent bonds?

Phosphorus trichloride, PCl₃, is a molecule formed when the elements phosphorus (Group V) and chlorine (Group VII) react together.

How many electrons in the outer shell of the phosphorus atom are not involved in bonding?

Which statements are correct for both metals and ionic compounds?

1. They conduct electricity because electrons flow through the solid material.
2. Most have high melting points.
3. They contain positive ions.

Which pair of elements combine together to form a covalent molecule?

A substance has a high melting point. When solid, it does not conduct electricity but when molten, it does conduct.

Which type of structure does the substance have?

How many covalent bonds are there in the molecule with the formula CH₂CHCH₃?

Copper is a metal. The structure of copper is described as a lattice of positive ions in a ‘sea of electrons’.

Which statements about copper are correct?

1. Copper conducts heat because the positive ions are free to move.
2. Copper conducts electricity because the electrons are free to move.
3. Copper ions are held together because of their attraction for each other.
4. Copper has a high melting point due to the strong covalent bonds.

Which property is common to both diamond and graphite?

Both calcium chloride and potassium chloride are ionic compounds.

Which statements about these compounds are correct?

1. Potassium chloride has a higher melting point than calcium chloride because the potassium ion has a greater charge than the calcium ion.
2. In the calcium chloride lattice, the ratio of calcium ions to chloride ions is half that of the ratio of potassium ions to chloride ions in the potassium chloride lattice.
3. Molten calcium chloride has a greater electrical conductivity than molten potassium chloride because calcium contributes more electrons to the delocalised ‘sea of electrons’ than does potassium.

For which does 1 mole of the metal have the most electrons in its ‘sea of electrons’?